In the previous article, we talked about how to make a network cable (patch cord) with your own hands. Suppose you are lucky, becoming the owner of not one, but as many as two computers, and here as a new problem appears, which was not before purchasing a new computer: there was a need to connect two computers with each other.

What is it for? Well, for example, if you need to move files from the computer to another, so as not to run with a flash drive between them (and if the files are large, and there are many of them, and the flash drive is modest), you can create a shared folder on one of the computers and throw it there everything you need. You can also use one printer, and print on it from any computer. And most importantly, you can use one Internet connection to two computers.

In short, there are a lot of benefits, the lack of only one - network cards will be occupied in computers, and if the modem is connected to the Internet via the LAN connector, that is, to a network card, in order to connect two computers with each other, you need to connect will deliver another network card. If the modem is connected to the computer via the USB connector, then nothing is needed to deliver.

So, how to connect two computers with each other. All actions were carried out on Windows 7 and Vista, but the main thing here is to know the procedure, and it will be possible to repeat on any OS. We turn on two computers, and connect them with a network cable. Further open my computer on one of them, click right-click on any empty area, select properties. Next, we get into the system window. In this window, click on the button Change parameters, opposite the name of the computer.

Here we hit the tab Properties of the systemwhere we are interested in the change button, click it. After we pressed the Change button, the window appears Changing computer name or domain. In the "Working Group" row, you need to check, and write the name of the working group you create. If computers belong to the same workgroup, then they "see" each other, that is, on the second computer, you will need to specify the same name of the working group. The name can be invented any, most importantly, it is written by large Latin letters. Click the OK button.

After we see the message of the system: " Welcome to the Working Group ... (Here is your name of the working group) ", click the OK button, and a message appears that in order to change the computer, you must restart the computer, agree, and click OK. If you close the window Properties of the systemThe message will appear in which you want to confirm the reboot. Reboot your computer.

In order to connect two computers with each other, on the second computer you need to repeat all the actions that were made on the first and register the same name of the working group.

After the above-mentioned actions were made, it is necessary to still make the settings of the created working group. To do this, go to Control PanelAnd there to open. Now two computers are interconnected, but in order to be visible folders, as well as printers on one and another computer, you need to enable "Network Detection", "Sharing Files", "Sharing Shared Folder", "Using General Printers ", It is also important to disable" sharing with password protection ".

If one of the computers are connected to the Internet, then in order to be on the other, you need to make some other Internet connection settings. In the network connection window you need to select Network connection management. In the window that opens find connection via local networkClicking the right mouse button and go to the properties of this connection.

In the Connection Properties window you need to go to properties of the Internet Protocol version 4 and internet Protocol version 6. In order to do this, you need to click on the left mouse button one of the items (it will be highlighted in blue) and press the properties. In the Protocol properties you need to install " Get an IP address automatically ". On another computer, we do the same.

And finally the last and important action that needs to be done. In order that the Internet connection is both a different computer, you need to allow you to enable other network users to use these connections to access other users to Internet properties. To do this, you need to open Network connectionsAnd there to choose that a connection that is used to connect to the Internet.

Next, you need to click on the icon of this connection with the right mouse button, and select Properties. In the properties window, you need to select the Access tab, and install the check mark on the contrary. "

How to connect several computers between yourself and to the Internet, distributing the same speed to the Internet? Through such connections, you can not only use files located on another PC, Internet, but also printers that are connected to any link of this network. Let's try to consider all options for setting up the local network, from the simplest to complex.

We divide the sequence of actions conditionally into two stages.

To begin with, we will analyze and throw out the option when you only need to divide the Internet.

Connecting to the Internet 2 computers and more in one apartment without creating a local network

You can solve this issue in several ways:

1. Installing the router (router) - allows you to have access to the Internet to each of the computers without inclusion in the second network. As the IP address (computer identification propumes on the network) is assigned directly to the router, then you will have one tariff for the provision of Internet services, and the Internet can be used at once with two computers.
2. Wi-Fi technology - Wireless connection to the network. It is possible when using a special set of equipment and its settings.

1st stage. Setting up a local network

How to connect two computers to the network (network bridge)

One of the computers connects to the Internet, the second computer will be connected to the first. The main disadvantage in this case is that to enter the network of the second computer it is necessary that the first computer is also in the network. And also, if you have a connection to the Internet goes on a network card, you need an additional network card to connect the second computer to the first, because The built-in network card is already busy (it takes the Internet).

To connect two computers with each other and to the Internet via a network bridge, you will need:

1. Special cable (twisted pair) and, possibly, an additional network card.

You can get a vitu couple on the radio rolls or in specialized stores. It is made independently, with a special tool called "crimp" and based on the required length of the cable itself. The pinout can be found on the Internet. And you can get rid of clipping "vituhu" directly on the radio machine (tell me the seller that you need to clip for the type of connection "by network cards" or "comp-computer", there is still a "comp-swirder") or buy a ready-made cable (if any), but It may turn out to be short. The factory assembly of such a cable does not happen, there is only a "comp-swirder", you can buy it, but then one end is cut and crimped.

Twisted Pair (Twisted Pair) is a 8- "living" cable (for example UTP-5) with samples (connector) RJ-45. The ends of the cables are crimped special. The tool (special ticks) in the connectors in accordance with the colors of the ends. The procedure for crimping cable is as follows: Bo-O-Bz-C-BS-BK-K-K at both ends for connecting with a hub. To connect a computer with a computer on one of the sides, there must be: bz-b-c-bs-o-bk-k, where o-orange, z-green, s-blue, brown, bo-white and t . d. (Do not be particularly pleased, but give the cable to the cable to the knowledgeable people).

Twisted steam (2-2.5 $ - 3 m)

"Crimp" tool

So, with the help of "twisted pair" connect computers card-card (compound type "Comp-Comp")!

Network card (3-6 $)

2. After connecting 2 computers by cable, you need to configure them programmatically.

It is necessary that computers are in one workgroup in one address range and with different network names. Setting these parameters is shown in the graphic scheme:

It is also desirable to specify the IP addresses and the subnet mask manually (the subnet mask is formed automatically at a given IP address). IP addresses can be selected in the range of 192.168.0.Hhh. At the same time, on all computers of the local network, the IP address must begin with "192.168.0.Hhh", and the last three digits (XXX) must be different (otherwise there will be a conflict, because it is equivalent to the fact that two different homes have one and that same address), and be in the range 0 - 255. The setting of the IP address is shown in the graphic scheme:

2.2. Setting up with a wizard

To do this, go to the "Control Panel" -\u003e "Network Setup Wizard", and follow the instructions of the wizard.

You can also combine the manual network configuration and the setting using the wizard, for example, after setting up the network using the wizard, specify the IP address.

After all this, you can enable any folders in the folder folders in the "Access" tab. Smashing folders can be seen by going to "My Computer" and in the "Typical Task list" select "Network Surroundings". Or through Total Commander to enter the "Network and Plugins" (extreme right of the disk button) -\u003e "All Network" -\u003e Microsoft Windows Network.

3. Setting up the printer.

3.1. Providing general access to the printer on the local network
To do this, go to the Start - Control Panel - Printers and Faxes. We find the printer connected to this PC, click on it with the right mouse and select "Sharing ..." in the context menu. After that, this printer will automatically decide on other PCs connected to this local network.

3.2. Using a printer that is generally available on the local network
On other PCs go to the start - the control panel - printers and faxes. Click to "Installing the Printer", then following the instructions of the printer installation wizard.

I. Select a "network printer or printer connected to another computer"
Go to the next stage.

II. Put the choice of "Printer Review"
We make a review of printers on the local network.

III. If you plan to frequent or continuous use of this printer, put in the default printer? " - "Yes".

This completes the setting.

Connect 3 PCs via network cards by type network bridge

It is not necessary to have a router or a switch to connect 3 PCs, it is enough to buy another network card.
This option is cheaper than switches, because Speed \u200b\u200b3 times more expensive network card. To connect 3 computers, you need to choose one of them and make it the lead, two other slaves. On the mainstream computer you need to put 2 network cards. Then connect with 2 other twisted pair and create a network bridge. Then split the Internet and local folders, while the slave computer must be constantly enabled and connected to the Internet.

Connect 3 computers and more (up to 20 pcs) through an external hub (switter or network hub)

How to connect 3 computers and more with each other and to the Internet, provided that you need to distribute to each identical speed?

The easiest solution is to buy a switch (HAB), on 5 or more ports, N cables (taking into account the distance of each of the presumptive location of the Svish position to each computer) with a compospeck compatinet (already mentioned above), where N is the number computers. After purchasing the necessary, you need to connect computers with a swive. After that, configure computers as well as connecting between two computers.

Connect 3 computers and more (up to 6 pcs) through an internal hub (HUB)

Create LAN with an internal 5 port 100 Mbb

This option is perfect for the organization of the network for a home and a small office (up to 6 computers) using a hub (or, as they say, a hub), for example, Genius GF4050C. The advantage of this PCI hub is that it is placed inside the computer as a regular extension fee. And for very little money ($ 45) you will receive a 100 megabit high-speed network in your office. But it should be noted that when the server is turned off (PC, where the hub is installed) the network will not work. However, the hub does not require an extra power outlet and does not take place on the table.

Inner habit

We connect 5-20 and more PC through the central PC server

Create a network with a central computer server that serves as a switches.
This option is intended for large offices and corporate organizations. You can connect with each other more than 20 PCs. As a hub serves a central computer server with an OS server installed on it, for example, FreeBSD + Svish.

After exceeding the number of computers in the locator, more than 20, you need to abandon the SVICH (hub) and put the central server, because With such a number of PCs, data transmission will lead to braking of the computer. This is due to the excess load on the processor when transmitting / receiving data, since it has to process a lot, for example, when the movie is downloaded (resources go to the creation of packages from where data is read, and packet analysis, where data receives). All this leads to the braking of the performance of both computers: the one who reads and the most of the time is read. If there is a price. Server, it is engaged in this case, and not computers clients. That is why they put the central server. The switch takes on some part of the processing, but this is not enough with a large number of PC covered to the network.

But it is better, of course, to use the server and with a smaller number of computers, and in this case there will be no braking, but in this case, you must additionally spend on the server, i.e. For another PC. In addition, the server must be serviced by someone, for this, there is such a position as a "system administrator". In general, if there is no money for an additional computer, you can allow up to 20 computers through the switches.

It often happens that wires of different sections come to the junction box and they must be connected. It seems like everything should be simple, as well as with the connection of the wires of one section, but there are some of the features. You can connect the cables of different thickness in several ways.

Remember that it is impossible to connect two wires of different sections into one contact in the outlet for one contact, since the thin will not be strongly pressed with a bolt. This will lead to poor contact, large transition resistance, overheating and placing cable insulation.

How to connect wires of different sections?

1. Using a twist with soldering or welding

This is the most common way. You can twist the wires of adjacent sections, for example, 4 mm 2 and 2.5 mm 2. Now if the diameters of the wires are very different, then the good twist will not work. During twisting, you need to follow both the veins wrap each other. It is impossible to allow thin wire to wind up on thick. This can lead to poor electric contact. Do not forget about further soldering or welding. Only after that your connection will work for many years without complaints.

2. Using ZVV screw clamps

I have already written in detail in detail in the article: Wiring Connection Methods. Such terminals make it possible to start the wire of one section, and on the other hand, another section is already. Here, each lived is clamped with a separate screw. Below, we give a table at which you can correctly select the screw clamp for your wires.

Type of screw clamp		Permissible long current, and
Zvi-3.	1 - 2,5	3
Zvi-5	1,5 - 4	5
Zvi-10	2,5 - 6	10
Zvi-15	4 - 10	15
Zvi-20	4 - 10	20
Zvi-30.	6 - 16	30
Zvi 60.	6 - 16	60
Zvi-80	10 - 25	80
Zvi-100.	10 - 25	100
Zvi-150.	16 - 35	150

As you can see, using ZVI, you can connect the wires of neighboring sections. Also, do not forget to look at their current load. The latter figure in the type of screw clamp denotes the value of the permissible long current, which can flow through this terminal.

We clean the veins until the middle of the terminal ...

Insert them and drag the screws ...

3. With the help of WAGO universal self-consuming terminals.

Wago Terminals have the ability to connect wires of different sections. They have special sockets where "sticks out" every lived. For example, in one hole, you can connect a wire of 1.5 mm 2, and another 4 mm 2 and everything will work properly.

According to the labeling of the manufacturer of the manufacturer of various series, the wires of different sections can be combined. See the table below:

WAGO terminal series	Cross section of connected conductors, mm 2	Permissible long current, and
243	0.6 to 0.8.	6
222	0,8 - 4,0	32
773-3	0.75 to 2.5 mm 2	24
273	1.5 to 4.0	24
773-173	2.5 to 6.0 mm 2	32

Here is the following example with a series of 222 ...

4. Using a bolted connection.

The bolted wire connection is a composite compound consisting of 2 or more wires, bolts, nuts and several washers. It is considered reliable and durable.

Here comes like this:

1. we clean the custody by 2-3 centimeters, to have enough for one full-fledged turnover around the bolt;
2. we make a ring from the core in the diameter of the bolt;
3. we take a bolt and put on not a puck;
4. on the bolt we dress the ring from the conductor of one section;
5. then we dress the intermediate washer;
6. we dress the ring from the conductor of another section;
7. we put the last washer and tighten all this utility nut.

In this way, you can simultaneously connect a few lived a different section. Their amount is limited to the bolt length.

5. Using a compression of a branch "walnut".

I wrote in detail about this connection in detail and the corresponding comments wrote in the article: the connection of the wires using the "Walnut type" clamps. All I will not repeat here.

6. With copper-tinted tips through a bolt with a nut.

This method is well suited for connecting large sections cables. For this compound, it is necessary to have not only TML tips, but also further crimping press clamps or hydraulic press. This connection will be slightly bulky (long), may not fit into some small junction box, but still has the right to life.

Connect here simply. It is dressed on every core on the tip, they are pressed and with a bolt with a nut and the washers are connected. Then this place is insulated with an insulating tape or a heat-shrinkable tube (it must be applied to the wire to the connection).

Unfortunately at hand I did not have a thick wire and the right tips, so the photo did from what was. I think on it is still possible to understand the essence of the connection.

It seems to be listed. If you know other ways to connect wires of different sections, then write in the comments.

Smile:

Sit in the chamber Two:
- What are you sitting for?
- For murder.
- How much did they give?
- 7 years. What are you for what?
- For poaching.
- How many?
- Spot.
- Who are you hunted?!
"I go, it means I'm on the hunt, I see a telegraph pillar, an eagle sits on a post. Well, I am a doublet ...
- And what?! For the eagle 15 years? Have you even killed him?
- Yeah ... fired, claws in one direction, pliers to another.

The fact is that it is impossible to connect the copper and aluminum wires to the twist.
There are several reasons for this. The main is the problem of oxidation of an aluminum wire in contact with copper - a galvanic pair is formed, which slowly but correctly destroys the connection. And the faster, the larger current through this twist goes.
Of course, in a couple of hours, this connection will not fall apart, even if it turns on the heater or kettle through it. But over time, the resistance will slowly increase, because of which the twist will be worse and stronger. And if the load is not constant, but an episodic, then constant cycles heating-cooling will even more deteriorate the conductivity. Different materials during heating are expanded in different ways, and the switching on-shutdown of the load through such a twist will be equivalent to the constant twitching it there. You understand, no good things will lead to anything.
Well, if just heating, it usually can be traced according to the characteristic smell of burner isolation. But the sparking of the connection, especially next to the wallpaper or something flammable can easily grow into a fire.
What solutions exist to solve this problem?

Polyethylene Terminals

Here is such a thing:

Sold in any economic store, worth a penny.
Inside, here is such a brass sleeve with two screws:


Pull the wires in it, clamp the screws:
<

This I specifically pulled it for clarity. Together with the insulation, it will look like this:


Each segment can be cut off. It would seem that the ideal option. But there is a nuance (c)
Although these nuances and flaws are a car and a small trolley, do not be fooled on simplicity.


In general, it is desirable not to use such terminals. If you use, then only with single-linked wires and for connecting something small - light bulb, fan (not industrial). And no aluminum!
It is also desirable to buy not Noname China, but the terminals of normal manufacturers: a thirtony, ABB, LEGRAND, believes
Cost: from 10 to 50 rubles.

TERMINAL BLOCKS TB Series

Pads from solid black plastic. Already better.
Have a removable lid:


And here is such an internal structure:


We unscrew, put the wire, clamp.


Pros - does not pinch the screw, but a metal plate. Click to the bottom steel plate. In addition, the upper part is not flat, but with a characteristic surface that increase the cliff surface:

.
Due to this, you can clamp stranded and aluminum wires. Aluminum, however, it is desirable at least sometimes to check for weakening clamping. I saw the pads on the currents 25a and 40a.
The inconvenience - it does not cut and not sharing, or buy a bunch of small (I have not seen less than 6 pieces), or even to put one large wire.
Cost: from 30 to 80 rubles.

Self-slip terminals (WAGO or REXANT series 773 and their copies)

Or they are also called express terminals. Like these ones:


Very comfortable things. I cleaned the wire, put inside to the end, ready:
<

Inside there is a presser plate (blue arrow) and a small shine (orange) from the tinned copper:


When the wires are stuffed in it, this is what:


The plate presses the wire to the tire, keeping the pressure all the time. And the design of the pressed part on gives the wire falling. It can hardly pull it out. In general, they are disposable, but if you really want, it neatly rotating the wire around its axis it can be pulled out.


Since the copper contact is tinted, in such a terminal you can insert an aluminum wire without fear of problems. At the same time, constant pressure will not give an aluminum wire.
White pasta (on the next photo you can see, white mass on contact) is a quartz sand with a technical vaseline, especially for aluminum wires. Quartz sand - abrasive, which is written oxide film from the surface of aluminum, and Vaseline does not give it to re-on.


The same terminals, but transparent:


They do not differ anything other than the dye. Well, in transparent terminals, it is more convenient to see the wire - to the end will shove or not.
Plastic - non-flammable, with an increase in temperature melts, without highlighting harmful substances into the air.
Designed for 25 A, and this is about 4 kW. Attention! Current are indicated only for the original WAGO terminals.
Terminals Rexant (Manufacturer - SDS Groups), use other spring steel, which relaxes when heated. Accordingly, the maximum current is limited, except in the lighting it is not recommended.

Here is the test in which they kept 50a and did not even melt. Well, it is in ideal conditions - in air, cooling was good. And the terminals are original, yes.
Cost: from 2 to 6 rubles, depending on the number of contacts

Terminals WAGO series 222 with lever. I saw only Vagovsky, others do not produce.

For particularly difficult cases, when there are several types of wires, different thicknesses, aluminum, copper, and so on.


Raise the lever:


Pulling the wires, lower the lever:


If necessary - you can raise the lever, pull the wire, insert another. And so many, many times. Great thing for those chains whose wiring can change a bunch of times.
Eat everything in a row. Current - up to 32A. Inside - a plate that presses to the total tire is associated with a lever.


Sandy design, in general.


Schinka - irradiated copper, as usual:


Cost: from 5 to 15 rubles.

Scotch Loki, Scotchlok, electric connector with mortise contact.

It is for low-voltage (network, telephones, LED lamps, etc.).


The meaning is simple - several wires are stuffed in such a thing:


After that it is snapped by passats or any gulling tool. No, there is of course a special tool, but I do not see the point in it - it is a small passage with flat sponges.
Especially they like the installers of the SCS and networks, for simplicity, the cheaper, waterproof, and the lack of the need to remove the insulation.


Inside - a hydrophobic gel that protects against corrosion, moisture, oxidation, etc. And a plate with cutting surface:


Or two plates:


Here it is clear that it happens with the cable after the sealing:


Knives cut the insulation, and tightly pressed to the wire. There is also a version for two cables at once, and the plates are slightly thicker - it is quite suitable for lighting:


Self-disposable and maintenance-free. It is necessary to replace - a piece of cable with them is bought off, and a new one is set.
Cost: from 1 to 4 rubles per piece.

For large currents

For such cases there are sleeves:


At the top - aluminum and copper cable sleeve, down - universal copper irradiated:


Inside the wire (or several) is shoved, the sleeve is crimped with a special tool. Unfortunately, some kind of bad man is superior my ticks, so I will not show them. Here in Google, I found a picture:


And this is how the compressed sleeve looks like:


The huge plus is that when the size is properly selected and the correct crimping, the resistance is not decreasing compared to the conventional wire. And maintained, which is sometimes important. This means that it can be stirred (after normal isolation, of course) into the wall, bury in the ground (taking care of waterproofing) and so on.
The sleeves with a flat end and hole are used mainly when grounding when the wire must be connected to the housing:


The sleeves with a screw clamp - when you need to hold the wire without the tool.


Toki - similar currents for the cross section of the copper wire, which coincides with the inner diameter of the sleeve. \\
Cost: from 10 rubles per sleeve, from 1000 for crimp.

On multicore wires

And there is also a situation where you need to connect a single-core wire with stranded:


No, in general you can lose and clamp already as Mon-Fil. But there is an option easier:


Called NSHVI - the tip pin sleeve is isolated. Meaning simple:


We select it with the diameter under the cross section of the wire, we gently twist, so that it is not fluffled, we put on the tip and pressed over the entire length (well, at least 3-4 times). All, now this wire can be clamped into any compounds, without fearing that the veins break down, contact or something else will break. It is important to correctly select the diameter of the tip depending on the wire, otherwise the contact will be worse, and the wire can slip out.

This article will be useful if there is not one in your apartment, but two computers. Sometimes it is necessary to transfer documents between them, and children can play games over the network. Today we will tell about how to connect two computers with each other.

One of the easiest ways is to use the so-called twisted pair. The cost of work is cheaper not invent, but the data transfer rate is much higher than in other cases. Putting the cable makes sense if the distance between PC is less than 100 meters.

We need:

1. Network card in each computer. Attention! They can already be installed on the computer (check), otherwise they need to buy them.
2. Twisted steam - pairwise twisted copper wires in isolation. There are shielded (STP) and unshielded (UTP). UTP is suitable for our needs, and it is easier to buy such a pair.

3. RJ-45 (they are also called "Jack") in the amount of 2 pcs. It is possible that similar are used in your telephone socket.

4. Crimping tool (it is called "Crimper").

What is the first step? We measure the distance between computers along the route of the future cable laying. Then go to the store and buy as much twisted pair, as well as several meters about the reserve. There, we take a fork and a tool for crimp.

The purchased cable must be enclosed by the type of Cross-Over. This option is used when connecting computers without the use of a hub and the devices similar to it. This is done like this:

1. At both ends of the purchased cable, we cut the shell of approximately 3 centimeters.
2. Wires inside Brush and put them according to the drawing.

• In this order, the conductors of the twisted pair insert into the RJ-45 plugs. Important! For different forks, the order of colors is not the same.

• We take the crimp tool, insert the forks into it alone and squeeze the handle of the Crimper to failure.

Only simple actions remained - setting up the operating system. Show all the steps on the example of Windows 7:

1. Connect Jackie into network card connectors (usually located on the rear wall of the system units; they will not confuse with anything, since it will not be inserted into other plug connections).
2. Open the control panel, select the item system, and it will take configuration of remote access - the computer name tab is changed. Let the computer and group of the devices in which it will work. The system will offer a reboot, but for now they give up from it.

• We need a control panel again, and there you need a network management center and a common access to the local network connection, click the Properties - the Internet protocol version 4 (here you click on the Internet) - use the following IP address twice. Enter the IP address 192.168.1.2 and the subnet mask 255.255.255.0.

• Restart your computer

• We produce the same actions with the second computer. Important! The computer name must be different, only the last digit should be different in the IP address. The names of the working group and the subnet mask coincide with the first device.

• To use one computer files on the other, you need to specially resolve it. To do this, on the required folder, click the right mouse button and select the Sharing section - the Access Tab - Advanced General Access Setting. We put a tick in the "Open access to this folder" item.

That's all. You learned how to connect two computers with each other to one network.