ADSL - What is it? Principle of operation, maximum speed, advantages and disadvantages of ADSL technology

ADSL is a technology of asymmetric Internet access. It is an asymmetric system by its structure and allows you to work with compounds at a speed of up to 8 Mbps. ADSL technology, the transmission rate of which is calculated up to 1 Mbps, operates on average at a distance of more than 5 km. Today we will look at what kind of connection type and how it works.

History of appearance

Before answering the question: "ADSL - what is it?", We bring to your attention some historical data. For the first time, the creation was spoken at the end of the 80s, when even the Internet in its modern guise was only the main task in 1989 there was an improvement and upgrades of data transmission technology over copper telephone wires. Analog-to-digital conversion was created mainly to quickly transmit information between different interactive services, video games, video files, as well as to obtain instant remote access to LAN and other network systems.

Modern ADSL technology: work principle

The network is based on a subscriber's digital line, which provides internet access channels. But the telephone lines use an analog signal to transmit voice messages. ADSL connection is designed to convert an analog signal into digital and transmit it directly to the computer. At the same time, in contrast to the already outdated Dial-UP modems, the ADSL database devices do not block the telephone line and allow you to use digital and analog signals at the same time.

The essence of the technology (asymmetry) is that the subscriber receives a huge amount of data - incoming traffic, and transfers the minimum of information - downstream traffic. As an incoming, different kind of content is meant: video and media files, applications, objects. The downward refers only important technical information - various commands and requests, emails and other secondary elements. Asymmetry is that the speed from the network to the subscriber is at times higher than the speed of the user.

The most important advantage that the ADSL-technology possesses is its budget and economy. The fact is that the same copper amounts in them are used to work the system, of course, significantly exceeds the number of similar elements in cable modems. But at the same time, no upgrades of switching equipment and complex reconstruction should be performed. ADSL connects quickly, and modern modem types are intuitive in management and configuration.

What equipment is used for this connection?

In order for the technology to work, special types of modems are used, differing in their structure, design, connection type:

• PCI modems (internal computer devices).
• External modem with USB connection type.
• Devices with an Ethernet view interface.
• with Ethernet scheme.
• Profile types of modems (for security enterprises, private telephone lines).
• Router with internal Wi-Fi access points.

Additional equipment: splitters and microfilters

We must not forget that to connect such a gadget as an ADSL modem, splitters and microfilters will be required. Separate devices in accordance with the design of the telephone cable. In that situation, when the cable is made (or can be carried out) to dilute the channel modem and telephone channel, splitter is used. In another case, the purchase of a microfilter, which is installed on each telephone present in the room.

The main task of the splitter is the separation of frequencies - voice (0.3-3.4 kHz) and used directly by the modem themselves (25 kHz-1.5 MHz). It is in this way that the simultaneous efficiency of the modem and the phone is ensured, which do not interfere with each other and do not create interference. Splitters are compact and not cause unnecessary inconvenience. The miniature box is equipped with three connectors and has a small weight.

ADSL - What is it? High Speed \u200b\u200bInternet Connection Stages

1. Select provider. Use this technology to currently offers each provider. Different types and tariffs depend on the region, as well as on the technical capabilities of the company, the coverage area of \u200b\u200bwhich can be limited.
2. Buying equipment. Currently, it is not necessary to buy a modem, splitters and microfilters. When making a contract for connecting the provider proposes to take the necessary equipment for rent, including the ADSL modem. In the future, when dividating the document, the equipment returns back. The client pays exclusively for the Internet connection. Modern Internet ADSL - What is it? This is a fast, cheap and high-quality connection method.
3. Account activation. For each client, the provider reserves an account whose activation can take up to 12 days. However, in most cases, with normal network coverage, the procedure does not require more than a few hours. The provider checks the phone number on the ability to connect ADSL. If the access zones of technology is not enough, then high-speed Internet will not work.
4. Setup equipment. At this stage, connecting devices to a telephone line, installation of splitters and microfilters, installation of modem drivers to a computer, as well as setting the network parameters of the modem in the Internet browser.

pros

What are the advantages of ADSL technology? Here are some of them:

• High ADSL allows you to transmit any volume files without any long wait. The technology is constantly improving, and speeds grow, significantly expanding the possibilities of the subscriber.
• Wireless connection. To use the ADSL system, you do not need to stretch the cable to the subscriber and set a large number of equipment. Reliability, quality and functionality of the network increases.
• No interference on the telephone line. The ADSL router operates in independent mode and does not create any problems for the phone. You can call and travel via virtual space can be completely free.
• Permanent access to the Internet ADSL. What it is? This means that during operation, the network will not give failures. Technology does not require reconnect. The user gets access to the Internet constantly and can be online on the clock.
• Reliability and stability. To date, ADSL is the most reliable type of Internet connection.
• Profitability. The cost of connecting ADSL and the installation of the modem with the router is minimal and will not hit the family budget.

disadvantages

1. Lack of protection against cross-tip. If several dozen clients are connected to one channel, it is not necessary to count on high speed. The more subscribers on one ADSL, the lower the data transfer.
2. ADSL technology deficiencies though has, but they are few. This also includes the minimum speed from the subscriber. The ADSL asymmetry has an obvious minus - from the subscriber the transfer of files will be long and inconvenient. But the technology is intended primarily to quickly access the Internet, for surfing. In addition, information transmitted from the subscriber takes a minimum of space and does not require a large resource.

Speed \u200b\u200band factors affecting it

ADSL is a high-speed Internet technology, but the universal value and the formula does not exist. For each individual subscriber, the speed is individual and is determined by a set of factors. Including some of them may affect the reliability and quality of equipment. Therefore, to install modems and routers best professionals.

The main reason for the low speed ADSL connection is the quality of the subscriber line. We are talking about the presence of cable taps, their condition, the diameter of the wires and length. The attenuation of the signal is a direct consequence of an increase in the length of the subscriber line, and it is possible to reduce the interference by expanding the diameter of the wire. The standard ADSL channel length does not exceed 5 km - the optimal range for high-speed data transmission.

Speed \u200b\u200bcharacteristics

If you compare with other Internet connection technologies, ADSL greatly wins the speed. Analog modem will give a maximum of up to 56 kbps, while the ADSL at the dawn of its appearance already allowed to transfer information at a speed of up to 144 kbps.

ADSL technology, the maximum speed of which is also determined by the characteristics of the modem and can reach 2048 Mbps, optimizes the process of transmitting information. Digital lines significantly increase the ability of the user, withdrawing it beyond restrictions, even if there are several connected computers, mobile phones, tablets and other gadgets.

Prospects of technology

The capabilities and resources of ADSL technology are still far from being exhausted. Even ADSL2 and ADSL2 + standards, introduced in the mid-2000, still retain their relevance and opportunity. This is essentially the only technology that can provide wide Internet access without failures and software problems, therefore is a competitor for many other methods of connecting to the Internet.

The minimum technical equipment is complemented by modern modem species. Manufacturers annually release new devices designed for continuous operation without the need for service and service. In addition, the ADSL speed is constantly growing and is not limited to megabit. The connection becomes relevant for both at home and for a whole office company with several dozens of computer clients.

Conclusion

So, we found out what ADSL-technology is, what is its essence and principle of work. As you can see, this is one of those technologies that practically does not give failures when working (even if several dozens of users are connected to the network). At the same time, it does not require constant reconnection and speed limit.