Reform of housing and communal services: history of the program launch and development trends. Reform of housing and communal services: general characteristics, current trends, information support of the reform Federal reform of housing and communal services

Attention: The obligation to disclose information in the GIS Housing and Communal Services came from 1.01.2019 dfor all Managing Organizations (including Moscow, Saint Petersburg and Sevastopol). Responsibility for non-disclosure of information under the 731 Decree came from 01.07.2019

All HOA / TSN, ZhSK and UK are still required to disclose information about their activities on the sites reformagkh.ru.

Specialists specialize in disclosing information in accordance with legal regulations. We help to properly arrange the disclosure of information about housing cooperatives, homeowners associations and management companies, and also monitor the timeliness of disclosure of information about the activities of the MA:

Disclosure of information is made on the basis of the data provided by the Customer and the availability of a completed Questionnaire.

RESPONSIBILITY OF HOA, HOA AND Criminal Code FOR LACK OF DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION

From July 1, 2019, the MA becomes responsible for the lack of disclosure of information according to 731 PP of the Russian Federation. We remind you that the obligation to disclose information according to the 731 Government Decree (on the portals of GIS Housing and Communal Services and reformagkh.ru) for HOAs and housing cooperatives began on January 1, 2019. for the Management Companies, the obligation came into effect only from January 1, 2018.

The fine for non-disclosure of information can be both for the Managing Organization (HOA / TSN, ZhSK or UK), and for a full-time employee.

Penalty for an official - up to 50,000 rubles.; at the same time, in case of guilt, an official is subject to removal and deprivation of the right to such activity for a period of up to 3 years.

For the organization a fine may be from 250,000 to 300,000 rubles.
We strongly recommend that you check the disclosure and fill any gaps by July 1, 2019.

WITH Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 731 as amended on 03/27/2018 (current version) can be found

Additionally, we will help Managing Organizations:

• - 3000 rbl
  * (courier services are paid separately to obtain an EDS)
• Audit of information posted on portals - 1000 rubles.
  (for 1 resource, includes analysis of disclosed information, reporting on errors and non-compliance with legislation).
• We will eliminate errors in the information posted on the portals: we will check the completeness of the information and help to eliminate the shortcomings in accordance with Decree 731 of the Government of the Russian Federation (GIS Housing and Utilities Reform).
• Service "Disclosure at the address of the MA" - RUB 5,000 , is paid in addition to the cost of the information disclosure service. The service is available for Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region.The term of execution is 1 working day, subject to the availability of all the necessary documents.

How to post information?

From January 1, 2019, all management companies are obliged to disclose information to the GIS Housing and Communal Services. But responsibility for the Managing Organizations of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol will come from 1.07.2019. Until this date, HOA, TSN, ZhSK and UK are required to disclose information about the activities necessary on sites executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, determined by the highest executive body of state power of the constituent entity Russian Federation.
You can register and post information yourself if you have time and have certain knowledge.
If you do not have the time or opportunity to study these resources yourself, as well as scan and prepare documents, you can delegate this task to specialized specialists.
In case of difficulty, you can get advice by phone GIS Housing and Public Utilities Reform and by e-mail free of charge. You can contact technical support yourself and get answers to all your questions.
Or you can release all the functions of disclosing information and turn to specialists for help .
Call +7 812 327-09-10 or leave a request by mail [email protected]site

Where exactly should information be disclosed?

According to Decree 731 of the Governments, information is disclosed:

• on the Internet at dom.gosuslugi.ru, www.reformagkh.ru;

• it is imperative to place all the necessary data on information stands in the UO premises.

What is required for registration:
1. Purchase a qualified electronic signature (CEP) in one of the certification centers;
2. To register on the ESIA portal as an individual, and then with the help of CEP as a legal entity;
3. Registration on the portal of GIS Housing and Utilities on the basis of ESIA;

What will happen to the managing organization in case of violation of the 731 regulation?

For withholding information and other violations, management companies are threatened fines up to 200 thousand rubles, which can be imposed both on a specific employee and on the entire company.
From January 1, 2019, management companies, housing cooperatives and owners' associations post information in the GIS Housing and Communal Services. Since July 1, 2019, measures have been taken for non-posting of information in the GIS Housing and Communal Services

The housing and communal services sector has been subject to various reforms for decades, but despite all the efforts being made to modernize, this industry remains ineffective. Unproductive spending of budgetary funds, the need for working tools for managing the housing stock, state and municipal monopoly, a high proportion of depreciation of the housing stock became prerequisites for the launch of the Housing and Utilities Reform program.

Launch of the Housing and Utilities Reform project

The project started in Russia in 2010, when the Government of the Russian Federation and the World Bank signed an agreement on the implementation of the corresponding program.

The implementation of reform measures is carried out by the Fund for Assistance to Reform of the Housing and Utilities Sector, established on July 21, 2007.

This state corporation is designed to stimulate the formation of effective methods of housing management and the transition to resource-saving technologies.

At the beginning of the project, 14 cities participated:

ten “main” ones: Bratsk, Volzhsky, Ivanovo, Naberezhnye Chelny, Nefteyugansk, Novokuibyshevsk, Orenburg, Saransk, Tula, Cheboksary;

four "reserve" ones: Arkhangelsk, Dimitrovgrad, Pyatigorsk and Cherepovets.

The project was carried out in two stages:

Institutional: carrying out reforms of the housing and communal complex at the expense of its own budget with the technical assistance of experts financed from the project funds.

Investment: directing investments in housing and communal services infrastructure from project funds, focusing on the investment plans of cities.

Already in the process of implementing the program in all 14 cities, a tangible improvement in the quality of the provided housing and utilities.

For example, in the city of Naberezhnye Chelny, water supply distribution networks and pressure collectors of two sewage pumping stations were reconstructed. This made it possible to reduce the accident rate of collectors and ensure uninterrupted drainage of city wastewater.

The project for the reconstruction of heating networks was implemented in the city of Nefteyugansk. Thanks to this, the uninterrupted supply of heat energy has significantly increased by reducing heat losses, reducing the level of leaks and the general emergency rate of networks..

Examples of successful renovations can be found in any of the listed cities. The set of activities carried out significantly influenced the reform program and the housing sector in the cities participating in the program:

almost complete elimination of arrears on social payments for housing and communal services;

municipal plans for investments in communal infrastructure have been developed;

the number of apartment buildings serviced by professional management companies has been increased;

Having received positive results and experience gained in the course of the reform, the state is developing this reform in other regions and cities of Russia.

Main directions and prospects of the housing and communal services reform

The project "Reform of housing and communal services in Russia" is aimed at implementing the following areas:

the transition of the communal sector to market relations;

increasing the share of participation of private business;

stimulating competition;

improving the quality of public services;

elimination of the formed monopolies in the industry;

renovation of the housing and communal complex;

development of the institution of an effective owner;

overhaul of the housing stock;

commissioning and operation of energy efficient technologies;

preservation of the social security system and support of privileged segments of the population.

In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 No. 491 "On Approval of the Rules for the Maintenance of Common Property in an Apartment House", an apartment building is a joint property of the owners of premises in it.

It follows from this that the entire house is in the possession of the apartment owners. They are responsible for its condition and are obliged to ensure that the overhaul is carried out in due time. To exercise these rights, the legislation endowed the owners with a wide range of powers. But in the process of privatization, a significant part of the housing stock was transferred in dilapidated form. Consequently, the owners do not have the necessary resources to carry out repairs and the appropriate skills to modernize the residential infrastructure in this state.

One of the points of this reform, as we mentioned above, is the introduction of market mechanisms into the housing and communal services system. That should subsequently lead to a transition to 100% payment for housing and communal services. As a result of the reform, citizens' spending on housing and communal services may increase by an average of 20-25%. At the same time, the system of compensation payments will continue to work for socially unprotected categories.

Disclosure standard

Now any citizen can view information about the activities of his management company and information on a particular house.

This is regulated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 23, 2010 N 731, which must be fulfilled by managing organizations operating in the field of management of apartment buildings.

The Standard specifies the types of home management information that mandatory should be placed in the public domain for residents. It is necessary to ensure the availability and safety of data for 5 years. These include:

basic information about the organization (name, address, organizational and legal form, etc.);

list of houses under management and general information about each of them (address, number of floors, level of improvement, year, etc.);

data on the work performed and the services provided;

information about utilities;

information about the operation of the common property of the house;

information about the overhaul of common property, if the management company is the executor of the work;

data on general meetings of home owners;

annual reports;

information on oral reprimands, written orders, penalties or disqualifications (if any).

The document also lists the required sources:

official portal Housing and communal services reform;

stand in the office of the company.

In other words, management companies must have a website and be registered on the official website of the Housing and Utilities Reform project. Failure to comply with these requirements will result in penalties.

Reform of housing and communal services in Russia is not a new concept, and most Russians are already familiar with the process of its implementation. And do all citizens know what is behind the concept of "reforming the housing and communal services", how long it will last and what is the ultimate goal of the entire program? We will answer these and many other important questions within the framework of the topic “All about the reform of housing and communal services”.

The concept of housing and communal services

It is a complex of enterprises and services for servicing the population of cities, villages, etc.

Housing and communal services (Housing and Communal Services) are services provided to consumers living in the housing stock in order to ensure comfortable living conditions.

The communal services include:

1. Power supply.
2. Water supply (hot and cold).
3. Wastewater disposal.
4. Elevator facilities.
5. Collection, removal and disposal of garbage.
6. Heat supply (heating).
7. Gas supply.
8. Cleaning of common areas.
9. House renovation (major and current).
10. Repair of engineering communications.
11. Maintenance, improvement and cleaning of the area around the house.

The composition of utilities services provided to the consumer depends on the degree of home improvement.

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Comprehensive program of modernization and reform of housing and communal services for 2010-2020

The main goals and directions of this program:

1. By 2020, provide residents of apartment buildings with both high-quality and affordable utilities.
2. To improve competitive relations in the field of management and maintenance of the housing stock, namely, to create associations of homeowners (HOA) and management organizations.
3. To translate subsidies and benefits for paying for housing and utilities in cash.
4. Actively implement a resource and energy conservation system. Install metering devices.

Reform of housing and communal services. general information

Housing and communal services reform is carried out by the government of the Russian Federation and implies the modernization of the entire housing and communal services of the country.

During the period of economic reforms, the physical deterioration of housing and communal services property has reached a fairly large size. The approximate figures are as follows:

• Utility water supply networks - 65%.
• Boiler houses - 55%.
• Heating networks - 63%.
• Water pumping stations - 65%.
• Electric networks - 58%.
• Sewerage - 56%.
• Water treatment facilities - 54%.

According to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 491 of 13.08.2006, an apartment building is a collective property of all owners of premises. It turns out that the tenants of the apartments own the house as a whole, and not only their living space. And, therefore, they must be responsible for its condition and timely carry out major repairs.

The main problem here was that the houses were handed over to the owners in an extremely deplorable state. The overhaul required huge sums that the owners did not have. Also, the tenants did not have management skills.

The main conductor of the reform was a state corporation - the Fund for Assistance to Reform of Housing and Communal Services. It was created by the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 21.07.2007. 2007. We will place more detailed information concerning the work of the Foundation in the second half of the article.

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Areas of reform implementation

The main directions for the implementation of the housing and communal services reform have been determined:

1. Transfer of the utilities sector into the framework of market relations.
2. Attracting private business.
3. Ridding the industry of monopolies.
4. Stimulating competition.
5. Improving the quality of kom.services.
6. Modernization of the housing and communal services complex.
7. Formation of the institution of an effective owner.
8. Relocation of residents from emergency housing.
9. Overhaul of apartment buildings.
10. Implementation of energy efficient technologies.
11. Support for privileged segments of the population, implementation of social protection.

Fund for Assistance to Reform of Housing and Communal Services

The State Corporation “Fund for Assistance to Housing and Utilities Reform” is a non-profit organization aimed at creating favorable and safe living conditions for citizens, as well as stimulating the reform of housing and communal services, creating effective mechanisms for managing the housing stock and introducing resource-saving technologies by providing financial support from the Fund.

The initial contribution to the fund's budget in December 2007 amounted to 240 billion rubles. It was carried out at the expense of additional state revenues. Also 15 billion rubles were allocated in 2010.

In addition, the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of Housing and Communal Services uses the proceeds from the placement of temporarily free funds in order to finance regional programs for capital repairs and resettlement of citizens from emergency housing stock. More than 11 billion rubles have already been sent to the regions.

Initially, the Fund for Assistance to Reform was supposed to operate until January 1, 2013, after which it was threatened with liquidation. However, it was decided to extend its activities until 2015. On July 24, 2013, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin signed a law to extend the work of the Fund until January 1, 2018.

Functions of the Housing and Utilities Reform Assistance Fund:

1. Consideration of applications submitted by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the provision of financial support at the expense of the Fund,
2. Making decisions on compliance with the requirements of applications and documents attached to them in accordance with Federal Law No. 185-FZ.
3. Making decisions on the provision of financial support at the expense of the Fund on the basis of applications.
4. Implementation of methodological support for the preparation of applications and documents attached to them by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
5. Monitoring the implementation of regional targeted programs for the overhaul of apartment buildings.
6. Monitoring the implementation of regional targeted programs for the resettlement of citizens from emergency housing.
7. Control over the fulfillment of the conditions for providing financial support at the expense of the Fund as provided for by this Federal Law.
8. Implementation of other functions provided for by the Federal Law of July 21, 2007 No. 185-FZ "On the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of the Housing and Communal Services".

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Providing financial support

The Fund for Assistance to Reforming Housing and Utilities Sector provides financial support for the implementation of regional targeted programs, namely, allocates funds:

1. For major repairs of apartment buildings.
2. For the resettlement of citizens from hazardous housing, taking into account the need to stimulate the development of the housing market (period: from December 1, 2008 to the end of 2009).
3. Relocation of citizens from hazardous housing.
4. For the resettlement of citizens from emergency housing, taking into account the need to stimulate the development of low-rise construction (period: from March 10, 2010 in accordance with Federal Law 25-FZ).
5. To provide financial support at the expense of the Fund for the implementation of measures to support single-industry municipalities considered by the Board of the Fund.

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Organization of a homeowners' association

The Homeowners Association (HOA) is one of the forms of management of an apartment building. Essentially, HOA is an organization that provides harmonious home services. A partnership can include either one house or several blocks.

When joining an HOA, the owner undertakes to participate in the life of his home. He must attend the meetings held without fail.

To create a homeowners' partnership, 50% of the votes + at least one vote from above are required. Residents who have not joined the HOA are automatically deprived of their voting rights. However, this fact does not relieve them of their obligations to implement decisions taken at general meetings of the HOA.

To create an HOA you need:

1. Create an initiative group. As a rule, it includes 5-6 people and a chairman.
2. Apply to the district administration with a statement, which should indicate the points about providing them with a list of apartments with an indication of the area of \u200b\u200beach of them and information about the property, as well as the approval of the candidacy of the Representative of the city in the future HOA to participate in the organizing meeting and further work of the partnership. In other points, you can reflect the wishes of the residents.
3. Prepare for the meeting. Prepare and study the charter of the HOA and an approximate Minutes of the general meeting. Prepare voting sheets to determine the "Agenda". The agenda should include no more than five questions.
4. Inform all owners about the meeting.
5. Conduct a general meeting, during which you should choose a method of management (on your own or with the involvement of professionals) and adopt a charter.
6. Register the HOA. To do this, you must contact the Office of the Federal Registration Service and submit an application for state registration, the original or a certified copy of the minutes of the general meeting, the charter of the partnership in duplicate and a receipt for payment of the state registration fee.
7. Transfer the house to the management of the HOA. The house is transferred according to the acceptance certificate with the attachment of technical documentation for the building, in accordance with the standards of technical operation of the housing stock.

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The reform of housing and communal services is a kind of Internet portal, thanks to which every resident of any Russian city can find information about his apartment, as well as get information about how the housing and communal services live and breathe within the Russian Federation. For these noble goals, the Housing and Utilities Reform official website www.reformagkh.ru is provided.

Housing and communal services reform official website in the header home page contains an entrance for registered users, provides for a quick registration procedure, and also helps each user to determine their location. Reform of housing and communal services the official website in the center of the main page demonstrates a large-scale menu, consisting of active tabs, when immediately after the tab "Home" is "My House"
When you open this section, each user is shown its content in the form of a catalog, when from the listed list of regions, cities and streets of the Russian Federation, you need to choose a suitable house. Thanks to the special search bar or the necessary filters, all this is done much easier and faster.
Managing organizations are found in a similar way, when everything can be sorted alphabetically, by footage and other parameters. Reform of housing and communal services, the official website in the tab “Relocation of Citizens” shows a list of damaged houses, as well as information about apartments under construction or built. It is also interesting to get acquainted with the overhaul, news feed and help information of the site.

In the center of the main page there is a list of the most popular housing and communal services, under which there is a news block, as well as various offers for the leisure of citizens. Notable options include a forum, an online game, videos, a list of houses of exemplary content, and appeals that anyone can easily submit.
Reform of housing and communal services the official website just below places numerous links to websites of state importance, next to which appears the phone hotline... At the bottom of the main page, you can read information about the project, find out the necessary addresses and phone numbers.
When interested in housing and communal services for a particular house, the Housing and Utilities Reform official website will provide access to the requested information. If a trip to an exotic point of the world is at stake, it will help you choose a cozy place for your upcoming vacation.

Housing and communal services (HCS) is an important branch of the Russian economy, providing citizens with such an attribute of a stable life as housing with all the “amenities”. The sphere of housing and communal services acts as one of the pillars on which the effective social policy of the state rests and therefore needs to be made timely changes.

The reform of housing and communal services was started at the dawn of the emergence of the Russian Federation, in 1992, and was put into effect by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 425 "On the reform of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation" dated 05/27/1997. Subsequently, many other normative legal acts were issued, correcting the concept of reform and bringing new directions into it. 11 years later, in 2018, housing and communal services are still undergoing reform, which is associated with the complexity and dynamism of the development of this sector of the economy.

Reasons and goals of housing and communal services reform

The reasons for the reform of housing and communal services include:

• the need to deviate from Soviet principles of work;
• building the housing and communal services sector in line with the development of the Russian market economy as a whole;
• inefficient use of resources in the housing and communal services sector;
• the inability to meet the needs of citizens in the housing sector.

The reform of housing and communal services should achieve the following goals:

• achieving compliance of living conditions with quality standards;
• reducing the costs of enterprises providing housing and communal services, and for housing services, provided the quality of the services provided is maintained;
• transition of the housing and communal services industry to the “self-sufficiency” mode and preservation of the purchasing power of housing and communal services.

The government of the Russian Federation is authorized to carry out the reform of housing and communal services.

Main tasks

The authors of the reform propose to create conditions for demonopolizing the market for housing and communal services. This will allow citizens, as consumers of these services, to make a profitable choice for them in favor of this or that organization, and housing and communal services, in turn, will have an incentive to effectively use their resources.

There are several ways to develop competition in this area:

• formation by local authorities of an order for the provision;
• attraction on equal terms of enterprises of various organizational and legal forms;
• creation of a system of accounting services provided on the basis.

Modernization of the housing and communal services management system

Since the creation of a competitive environment in the field of housing and communal services presupposes the emergence of new participants in these relations, it is necessary to rationally change the management system of housing and communal services. The participants in relations in the field of housing and communal services, in addition to public authorities and local self-government, as well as consumers of housing and communal services (tenants, housing cooperatives and homeowners), include investment, operating and construction organizations of various forms of ownership.

Improvement of the housing and communal services management system is aimed at increasing the importance of local self-government bodies and independent business entities that could not only effectively interact with government bodies, but also develop the housing and communal services facility.

Ensuring government regulation and control

The reform seeks to improve the system of state regulation and control. They are carried out:

• government departments (state housing inspectorates);
• local government bodies.

Here it is advisable to endow these subjects with additional administrative powers and to develop a regulatory framework for this.

Encouraging the creation of a homeowners association

Association in the form of a HOA is an effective way to protect the rights and legitimate interests of homeowners, as well as a real opportunity to independently resolve issues of their housing and determine the costs for these purposes.

Stages of housing and communal services reform

Implementation of the housing and communal services reform is a long process. It can be divided into several stages:

1. 1992-1997 - development of a policy in the field of housing and communal services and the concept of reform, the formation of a regulatory legal framework.
2. 1997-2003 - Implementation of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 425 "On the reform of housing and communal services in the Russian Federation" dated May 27, 1997.
3. 2003-2004 - introduction by the Government of the Russian Federation of federal standards for the transition to new tariffs for housing and communal services, coordinated with the indicators of the provision of citizens and the country's policy.
4. 2007-present - updating the reform concept (new instructions from the President of the Russian Federation, the adoption of the Federal Law of 21.07.2007 No. 185-FZ "On the Fund for Assistance to the Reform of the Housing and Communal Services").

Actual directions of housing and communal services reform: resettlement of citizens from hazardous housing

Do not pay fees for major repairs:

• owners of damaged houses or houses to be demolished;
• owners of land plots subject to seizure for state or municipal needs.

For poor citizens, the law provides for the payment of major repairs.

When do they start paying?

As a general rule, the obligation to pay contributions for major repairs arises from the owners 8 months after the approval of the regional program.

If an apartment building was put into operation after the approval of the regional program, then this period is set by the government of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (it cannot be later than 5 years after the apartment building is included in the regional program).

How is the fund formed?

Owners can choose 2 ways to form a capital repair fund:

• formation on a special account - the owners themselves organize the overhaul, choosing the repair contractor and concluding an agreement with him. Overhaul is carried out within the timeframe specified by the regional program, or ahead of schedule, if possible.
• formation on the account of a regional operator - the owners send the money to the account of the regional operator, where the money of other owners is also located. The regional operator organizes repairs. He can use the owners' funds on a returnable basis.

What does the overhaul include?

Overhaul provides for a certain range of works and services. These include:

• repair of communication and engineering systems;
• repair or replacement of elevator equipment;
• repair of the roof, basement, facade;
• repair of the building foundation.

Information support of the housing and communal services reform

The Internet portal "Reform of Housing and Communal Services" is designed to inform and communicate citizens with government officials and. Through the site you can find:

• basic information about your home (area, date of commissioning, etc.);
• information about the management company and its contacts;
• electronic, where residents have the opportunity to leave their comments about home renovation and complaints.

Registration on the portal is a simple process. It is only worth:

• go to the website https://www.reformagkh.ru/ ;;
• control over the work of the management company;
• receiving complaints and participating in the electronic forum.

Non-disclosure of information by management companies

Housing and utilities reformers strive to make this area as transparent as possible by creating special websites for citizens and obliging management companies to disclose the necessary information.

According to the Government Decree No. 731 of September 27, 2014, each managing organization must create its own website, register on the Housing and Utilities Reform website, and also create an information stand in the office in order to inform citizens about its activities.

What information needs to be disclosed?

The management company must disclose the information specified in the Government Decree No. 731. It includes:

• general information about the management company;
• a list of managed houses and information about them;
• information about the works and services provided;
• information on consumption and utility service providers;
• information on the use of the common property of MKD;
• annual reports, etc.

Responsibility for non-disclosure of information

If the management company does not comply with Government Decree No. 731 and does not disclose the necessary information or does it in an inappropriate form, then it will face a fine of 50 to 500 thousand rubles, in accordance with Art. Art. 7.23.3 and 14.1.3 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. For repeated or gross violation, disqualification is provided for a period of 6 months. up to 3 years.

As we can see, the reform of housing and communal services is a very large complex of measures affecting both public and private relations. The main goal of the reform - to make the housing and utilities sector “closer to the people” - has not yet been achieved, but the legislator is on the right track.

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